Outcomes after occupational therapy intervention for traumatic brachial plexus injury: A prospective longitudinal cohort study

Study DesignProspective longitudinal cohort study.IntroductionTraumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPIs) can be devastating and negatively impact daily function and quality of life. Occupational therapists play an important role in rehabilitation; however, studies identifying outcomes are lacking.PurposeThis study aims to describe outcomes including motor recovery, upper limb function, participation, pain, and quality of life for people receiving occupational therapy intervention.MethodsA convenience sample of English-speaking adults (n = 30) with a traumatic BPI, attending the clinic between December 1, 2014, to November 30, 2016, participated. Participants received occupational therapy focusing on sensorimotor retraining and activity-based rehabilitation. Data on active range of motion (goniometry), strength (Medical Research Council (MRC)), upper-limb function (UEFI15, QuickDASH), participation (PSFS), pain (Brief Pain Inventory), and quality of life (EQ-5D-3L) were collected at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.ResultsElbow flexion strength showed significant improvement at all time-points, average increase 2.17 (MRC) (95% confidence interval: 1.29-3.04; P < .001) and mean final MRC grading 3.86 (standard error: 0.44). Significant improvements at 12 months were seen in: shoulder abduction strength and range, flexion strength and range, external rotation range; elbow extension strength and flexion range; thumb flexion and extension strength. Upper limb function (QuickDASH) showed significant improvement (mean change = 18.85; 95% confidence interval: 4.12-33.59; P = .02). Forearm protonation range and finger flexion strength were significantly worse. Remaining outcomes did not show significant improvement.ConclusionsOccupational therapy with surgical intervention can improve strength, range, and upper limb function with people following traumatic BPI. Further investigations into impact on participation, pain, and quality of life are required.     

预注右旋美托咪啶用于喉显微手术麻醉的研究

目的研究分析预注右旋美托咪啶用于喉显微手术麻醉中的临床效果。方法选取2017年12月—2018年12月本院收治的80例行喉显微手术治疗的患者为观察对象,并将其随机分为普通组与观察组,每组各40例,普通组中患者行常规诱导麻醉,观察组中患者行预注右旋美托咪啶诱导麻醉,比较两组麻醉应用效果。结果在T1、T4、T5时段,观察组患者HR、MAP水平均低于普通组,其血流动力学稳定,且不良反应发生率相比普通组降低,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对行喉显微手术患者在应用预注右旋美托咪啶麻醉,能改善患者血流动力学指标水平,减少患者不良反应。     

瑞芬太尼联合七氟烷麻醉对患者术后认知功能的影响

目的探讨瑞芬太尼联合七氟烷麻醉对术后患者认知功能的影响。方法 86例择期行腹腔镜手术的女性患者根据麻醉方法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组患者给予瑞芬太尼麻醉,观察组患者给予瑞芬太尼联合七氟烷麻醉;比较2组患者的生命体征、苏醒时间及认知功能。结果麻醉前、麻醉1 h、麻醉2 h及麻醉结束时2组患者的收缩压、舒张压、心率、呼吸频率及动脉血氧饱和度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组和对照组患者苏醒时间分别为(12.6±3.4)、(28.4±2.5)min,观察组患者苏醒时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。2组患者麻醉前简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);麻醉结束后6、12 h,观察组患者MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);麻醉结束后24 h,2组患者MMSE评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。麻醉前2组患者词语记忆能力、简单计算能力及图片再认能力评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者麻醉结束后12 h图片再认能力评分与麻醉前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者麻醉结束后12 h词语记忆能力、简单计算能力评分均低于麻醉前(P<0.05);麻醉结束后12 h,观察组患者词语记忆能力和简单计算能力评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼联合七氟烷麻醉可显著改善患者术后认知功能。     

腰-硬联合麻醉在经尿道前列腺电切术患者中的应用效果

目的探索腰-硬联合麻醉在经尿道前列腺电切术患者中的应用效果。方法选择120例经尿道前列腺电切术患者为试验对象,采用单双号随机化法将其分为观察组和对照组,各60例。观察组采用腰-硬联合麻醉,对照组采用全身麻醉。比较两组麻醉效果。结果术后12 h,观察组S100β、NE水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。T₁、T₂时,两组MAP、HR均升高,但观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组胃肠道反应、呼吸抑制、血压下降发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1、3、7 d,观察组MMSE评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对经尿道前列腺电切术患者实施腰-硬联合麻醉,能够减轻对患者认知功能的损伤,提高治疗安全性。     

Buzzing away the pain: Using an electric toothbrush for vibration anesthesia during painful procedures

Many dermatologic procedures are painful and traumatic, for both pediatric patients and providers alike. Vibration anesthesia has recently been discussed as an effective method for reducing pain associated with injections, but some vibration machines can be cost prohibitive for providers. We describe how to employ an electric toothbrush as an inexpensive and effective option to provide vibration anesthesia during painful pediatric procedures.